The examples being lets say BMW E46 M3 and the new BMW G80 M3. The E46 has a 3.2 i6 NA that makes 338hp, the G80 M3 has a 3.0 i6 twin turbo that makes 510hp.
What technological advancements have been made, other than the turbos and 20 years, that separate these 2 cars?
If you know something really technical feel free to share.
The biggest technological change in most industries in the last 20 years has been computer software related. Same with the auto industry. Better computer modeling of the flow of gases in the engine (CFD) allow for better fine tuning of all passage ways and allows higher compression because of a better understanding of when the mixture will combust. Butter ECUs allow for better optimizing of the engine for different conditions (different loads, rpms, fuels mixtures, temporaries, etc). Better automation allows for more rapid iterations in physically testing everything which also resulted in an advance in material science.